Frequency and Amplification for Assessing site Effects and PVS in the Padang City Railway
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jif.15.2.106-115.2023Keywords:
dominant frequency, HVSR, microtremor, PVSAbstract
The train uses a special line in the form of railroad tracks that produce vibrations during movement. This study aims to determine the type of soil layer and the peak particle velocity due to the train around the Padang City train line. The acquisition was carried out at 8 points with a recording duration of 65 minutes using three geophone components. Microtremor data was analyzed using horizontal to vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) method. The results show that the research area has a type of surface layer of soil is sediment with a thickness of 30 meters or more. This is indicated by the dominant frequency value ranging from 0.64 Hz – 1.67 Hz. The research area has an amplification value ranging from 0.85 to 1.29. The train vibration has a dominant frequency ranging from 2.20 Hz – 13.54 Hz and an amplification of 1.11 – 1.82. The particle velocity values obtained from the PVS values ranged from 0.1605 mm/s – 0.7592 mm/s. The research area can be categorized as safe from train vibrations because of the low amplification value and the PVS value which is below the safe limit (<3 mm/s) according to SNI 7571:2010.
Downloads
Author Biography
Ahmad Fauzi Poha, Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Andalas, Pauh, Padang 25163
References
Ahn, J. K., Kwak, D. Y., & Kim, H. S. (2021). Estimating VS30 at Korean Peninsular seismic observatory stations using HVSR of event records. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 146, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2021.106650 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2021.106650
Alves Costa, P., Calçada, R., & Silva Cardoso, A. (2012). Ballast mats for the reduction of railway traffic vibrations. Numerical study. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 42, 137–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2012.06.014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2012.06.014
Arifin, S. S., Mulyatno, B. S., Marjiyono, & Setianegara, R. (2014). Penentuan Zona Rawan Guncangan Bencana Gempa Bumi Berdasarkan Analisis Nilai Amplifikasi Hvsr Mikrotremor Dan Analisis Periode Dominan Daerah Liwa Dan Sekitarnya. Geofisika Eksplorasi, 2(1), 30–40.
Asmussen, B., Stiebel, D., Kitson, P., Farrington, D., & Benton, D. (2008). Reducing the noise emission by increasing the damping of the rail: Results of a field test. Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 99, 229–235. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74893-9_32 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74893-9_32
Azzara, R. M., Galassi, S., Garuglieri, S., Paradiso, M., & Tanganelli, M. (2021). Analysis of vibrations recorded inside the cemetery area of Incisa, central Italy. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 15, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2021.e00623 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2021.e00623
Connolly, D. P., Marecki, G. P., Kouroussis, G., Thalassinakis, I., & Woodward, P. K. (2016). The growth of railway ground vibration problems — A review. Science of the Total Environment, 568, 1276–1282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.101 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.101
Guo, Z., Aydin, A., Huang, Y., & Xue, M. (2021). Polarization characteristics of Rayleigh waves to improve seismic site effects analysis by HVSR method. Engineering Geology, 292, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2021.106274 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2021.106274
Haerudin, N., Rustadi, Alami, F., & Yogi, I. B. S. (2020). The effect site analysis based on microtremor data using the Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method in the Bandar Lampung City. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1572(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1572/1/012075 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1572/1/012075
Herbut, A., Rybak, J., & Brząkała, W. (2020). On a sensor placement methodology for monitoring the vibrations of horizontally excited ground. Sensors (Switzerland), 20(7), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20071938 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s20071938
Irham, M. N., Zainuri, M., Yuliyanto, G., & Wirasatriya, A. (2021). Measurement of ground response of Semarang coastal region risk of earthquakes by Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) microtremor method. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1943(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1943/1/012033 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1943/1/012033
Iswanto, E. R., Indrawati, Y., & Riyanto, T. A. (2019). Studi Mikrotremor dengan Metode Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) di Tapak RDE, Serpong. Eksplorium, 40(2), 105–114. https://doi.org/10.17146/eksplorium.2019.40.2.5489 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17146/eksplorium.2019.40.2.5489
Kafadar, O. (2020). A geophone-based and low-cost data acquisition and analysis system designed for microtremor measurements. Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems, 9(2), 365–373. https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-9-365-2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-9-365-2020
Kastowo, Leo, G. W., Gafoer, S., & Amin, T. C. (1996). Peta Geologi Lembar Padang. Sumatera.
Koller, G., Kalivoda, M. T., Jaksch, M., Muncke, M., Oguchi, T., & Matsuda, Y. (2012). Railway noise reduction technology using a damping material. Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 118, 159–166. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53927-8_19 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53927-8_19
Kumar, S., Singh, P., Sushil, R., Singh, P., & Tiwari, A. (2021). Microtremor measurement to evaluate site characteristics by horizontal to vertical spectral ratio technique in Sikkim, Northeast Himalayas, India. Quaternary International, 585(October), 134–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2020.11.028 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2020.11.028
López-Mendoza, D., Connolly, D. P., Romero, A., Kouroussis, G., & Galvín, P. (2020). A transfer function method to predict building vibration and its application to railway defects. Construction and Building Materials, 232, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117217 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117217
Maghami, S., Sohrabi-Bidar, A., Bignardi, S., Zarean, A., & Kamalian, M. (2021). Extracting the shear wave velocity structure of deep alluviums of “Qom” Basin (Iran) employing HVSR inversion of microtremor recordings. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 185, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2020.104246 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2020.104246
Muhajir, A., Anwar, S., & Sumantri, P. (2020). Jaringan Kereta Api sebagai Sarana Transportasi Pendukung Industri Perkebunan di Sumatera Timur: Peranan Deli Maatschappij dan Deli Spoorweg Maatschappij , 1881-1940. Journal of History and Cultural Heritage, 1(1), 1–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34007/warisan.v1i1.162
Nakamura, Y. (1989). A method for dynamic characteristics estimation of subsurface using microtremor on ground surface. Quarterly Reports, 30(1), 25–33.
Nelson, S. (2019). Application of HVSR to estimating thickness of laterite weathering profiles in basalt. 1376(February), 1365–1376. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4580 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4580
Nogoshi, M., & Igarashi, T. (1971). On the Amplitude Characteristics of Microtremor (Part 2). Journal of the Seismological Society of Japan., 379(1), 26–40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4294/zisin1948.24.1_26
Santos, N. C. dos, Barbosa, J., Calçada, R., & Delgado, R. (2017). Track-ground vibrations induced by railway tra ffi c : experimental validation of a 3D numerical model. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 97(March), 324–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.03.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.03.004
Santos, N. C. dos, Colaço, A., Costa, P. A., & Calçada, R. (2016). Experimental analysis of track-ground vibrations on a stretch of the Portuguese railway network. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 90, 358–380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.09.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.09.003
Sesame. (2004). Guidelines for the implementation of the H/V spectral ratio technique on ambient vibrations measurements , processing and interpretation (Issue December). University of Potsdam.
Shankar, U., Kumari, S., Yadav, P. K., Singh, A. P., & Gupta, A. K. (2021). Microtremor measurements in the India’s holy city, Varanasi for assessment of site characteristics. Quaternary International, 585, 143–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2021.01.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2021.01.008
Singh, A. P., Sairam, B., Pancholi, V., Chopra, S., & Kumar, M. R. (2020). Delineation of thickness of intrabasaltic rocks beneath the Deccan Volcanic province of western India through microtremor analysis. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 138(February), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106348 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106348
Siska, D., Fithra, H., Lisa, N. P., Haerudin, N., & Farid, M. (2020). Seismic Vulnerability Mapping to Support Spatial Plans in Lhokseumawe City Area. 10(1), 269–273. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.10.1.10276
Susilanto, P., Ngadmanto, D., Daryono, Hardy, T., & Pakpahan, S. (2016). Susilanto. P., Drajat. N., Daryono., Thomas. H. & Suliyanti. P. (2016). Penerapan Metode Mikrotremor HVSR untuk Penentuan Respons Dinamika Kegempaan di Kota Padang. Jurnal Lingkungan dan Bencana Geologi. 7(2). 79-88. Jurnal Lingkungan Dan Bencana Geologi, 7(2), 79–88.
Susilo, A., & Wiyono, S. H. (2012). Frequency Analysis and Seismic Vulnerability Index by Using Nakamura Methods at a New Artery Way in Porong , Sidoarjo , Indonesia. International Journal of Applied Physics and Mathematics, 2(4), 227–230. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJAPM.2012.V2.97 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7763/IJAPM.2012.V2.97
Syarah, N., & Pohan, A. F. (2022). Analisis Mikrotremor Menggunakan Metode Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio di Jalur Kereta Api Kota Padang. 11(3), 313–319. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu.11.3.313-319.2022
Tian, R., Zhou, X., Wang, J., Lin, J., & Li, D. (2020). Site Characterization of Soil-rock Mixture Sedimentary Stratum Based on HVSR Analysis in the Chinese Loess Plateau. Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, 25(1), 101–109. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2113/JEEG19-060
Trevisani, S., Pettenati, F., Sandron, S., & Paudyal, D. (2021). Mapping long ‑ period soil resonances in the Kathmandu basin using microtremors. Environmental Earth Sciences, 80(7), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-021-09532-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-021-09532-7
Tripathy, G. R., Shirke, R. R., & Kudale, M. D. (2016). Safety of engineered structures against blast vibrations: A case study. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 8(2), 248–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2015.10.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2015.10.007
Yaghmaei-Sabegh, S., & Rupakhety, R. (2020). A new method of seismic site classi fi cation using HVSR curves : A case study of the 12 November 2017 Mw 7 . 3 Ezgeleh earthquake in Iran. Engineering Geology, 270(February), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2020.105574 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2020.105574
Zavala, N., Clemente-ch, A., Gonz, M., & Sawires, R. (2021). Application of horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio microtremor technique in the analysis of site effects and structural response of buildings in Quer ´ etaro city , Mexico. Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 108(February), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2021.103211 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2021.103211
Zeng, J., Roussis, P. C., Mohammed, A. S., Maraveas, C., Fatemi, S. A., Armaghani, D. J., & Asteris, P. G. (2021). applied sciences Prediction of Peak Particle Velocity Caused by Blasting through the Combinations of Boosted-CHAID and SVM Models with Various Kernels. Applied Sciences, 11(8), 1–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app11083705
Zhu, C., Cotton, F., & Pilz, M. (2020). Detecting Site Resonant Frequency Using HVSR : Fourier versus Response Spectrum and the First versus the Highest Peak Frequency. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 110(2), 427–440. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120190186 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1785/0120190186
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Ahmad Fauzi Pohan M.Si, Dwi Pujiastuti, Nadila Syarah, Nurul Annisa
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Please find the rights and licenses in JIF (Jurnal Ilmu Fisika).
1. License
The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
2. Author's Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
3. User Rights
JIF's spirit is to disseminate articles published are as free as possible. Under the Creative Commons license, JIF permits users to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work for non-commercial purposes only. Users will also need to attribute authors and JIF on distributing works in the journal.
4. Rights of Authors
Authors retain the following rights:
- Copyright, and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
- The right to use the substance of the article in future own works, including lectures and books,
- The right to reproduce the article for own purposes, provided the copies are not offered for sale,
- The right to self-archive the article.
5. Co-Authorship
If the article was jointly prepared by other authors, the signatory of this form warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to sign this agreement on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this agreement.
6. Termination
This agreement can be terminated by the author or JIF upon two months's notice where the other party has materially breached this agreement and failed to remedy such breach within a month of being given the terminating party's notice requesting such breach to be remedied. No breach or violation of this agreement will cause this agreement or any license granted in it to terminate automatically or affect the definition of JIF.
7. Royalties
This agreement entitles the author to no royalties or other fees. To such extent as legally permissible, the author waives his or her right to collect royalties relative to the article in respect of any use of the article by JIF or its sublicensee.
8. Miscellaneous
JIF will publish the article (or have it published) in the journal if the article's editorial process is successfully completed and JIF or its sublicensee has become obligated to have the article published. JIF may conform the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization, referencing and usage that it deems appropriate. The author acknowledges that the article may be published so that it will be publicly accessible and such access will be free of charge for the readers.
