Karakteristik Ketinggian Melting Layer di Indoneisa Berdasarkan Radar Hujan Yang Terpasang di Satelit TRMM

Authors

  • Rany Audia Dwianda Jurusan Fisika, FMIPA, Universitas Andalas, Kampus Unand, Limau Manis, Padang, 25163., Indonesia
  • Marzuki Marzuki Jurusan Fisika, FMIPA, Universitas Andalas, Kampus Unand, Limau Manis, Padang, 25163., Indonesia http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0266-812X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25077/jif.10.2.73-82.2018

Abstract

Ketinggian melting layer atau freezing level height (FH) di Indonesia telah diteliti melalui data radar hujan yang terpasang di satelit Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). Data yang digunakan adalah data TRMM 2A25 versi 7 selama 2011-2013. Nilai FH dari TRMM dibandingkan dengan nilai yang direkomendasikan oleh model ITU-R P.839. FH di Indonesia memiliki variasi musiman dan diurnal yang signifikan. Rata-rata bulanan FH menunjukkan pola bimodal dengan dua puncak dan dua lembah, mirip dengan pola curah hujan dan temperatur permukaan air laut di Indonesia. Puncak FH teramati pada bulan-bulan basah (musim hujan) ketika temperatur permukaan air laut tinggi. Nilai FH mencapai puncaknya pada sore hari yaitu sekitar jam 18-19 waktu setempat. Adanya perbedaan pola FH antara darat dan laut yang menandakan adanya pengaruh sirkulasi darat-laut (land-sea breezes). Pada dini dan pagi hari, hujan dengan FH > 5 km tidak teramati di daratan tetapi pada siang dan sore hari jumlahnya meningkat, terutama di Sumatera, Kalimantan dan Papua. Nilai FH tertinggi yang teramati dalam penelitian ini adalah 5,55 km yang teramati pada 2013, dan nilai terendah adalah 4,40 km, yang teramati pada 2012. Sebagian besar hujan yaitu sekitar 82% dari total data, memiliki FH lebih rendah dari yang direkomendasikan oleh ITU-R P.839 (5 km). Dengan demikian, model ITU-R menakar FH lebih tinggi dari semestinya. Selain itu, asumsi nilai FH yang konstan (5 km) dalam model ITU-R juga tidak tepat karena nilai FH di Indonesia menunjukkan variasi diurnal dan musiman yang signifikan.

 

Kata kunci : melting layer, Indonesia, TRMM-PR, ITU-R P.839, variasi diurnal, variasi musiman

 

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Published

2018-10-22

How to Cite

Dwianda, R. A., & Marzuki, M. (2018). Karakteristik Ketinggian Melting Layer di Indoneisa Berdasarkan Radar Hujan Yang Terpasang di Satelit TRMM. JURNAL ILMU FISIKA, 10(2), 73–82. https://doi.org/10.25077/jif.10.2.73-82.2018

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 2 (2018): September 2018

Section

Research Article

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