Estimasi Intensitas Gempa Bumi Dan Percepatan Tanah Maksimum Kota Padang Berdasarkan Data Historis Gempa 1976-2016 di Wilayah Mentawai

Authors

  • Dwi Pujiastuti
  • Rido Nofaslah
  • Arif Budiman

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25077/jif.9.2.110-120.2017

Abstract

Telah dilakukan estimasi nilai intensitas gempa bumi dan percepatan tanah maksimum di Kota Padang  berdasarkan data historis gempa 1976-2016 di wilayah  Mentawai.  Rumusan empiris Si and Midorikawa (1999) digunakan untuk menghitung percepatan tanah maksimum dan rumusan empiris Murphy O’Brein untuk menghitung intensitas gempa. Data yang digunakan diperoleh dari USGS untuk gempa di wilayah Mentawai dengan dengan kekuatan ≥ 5 SR dan kedalaman ≤ 70 km dari tahun 1976 – 2016.  Daerah penelitian dibatasi oleh  1.1o LS - 0,4o LU dan 100,05o BT – 100,35o BT yang dibagi dengan jarak grid 0,02o sehingga didapatkan 208 titik penghitungan. Intensitas gempa dan percepatan tanah maksimum dihitung berdasarkan data gempa di wilayah intraplate dan interplate. Dari hasil pengolahan data didapatkan peta  percepatan tanah maksimum dan intensitas gempa Kota Padang dari kedua wilayah gempa tersebut.. Nilai percepatan tanah maksimum terbesar di Kota Padang akibat gempa di wilayah interplate segmen Mentawai berkisar antara  57,89 cm/s2 sampai 119,69 cm/s2. Kecamatan dengan percepatan tanah maksimum akibat gempa di wilayah interplate adalah Kecamatan Bungus Teluk Kabung yaitu berkisar antara 106,21 cm/s2 sampai 119,69 cm/s2  dengan intensitas gempa sebesar VI - VII MMI. Nilai percepatan tanah maksimum di Kota Padang akibat gempa di segmen intraplate wilayah Mentawai berkisar antara sebesar 830,38 cm/s2 sampai 956,75 cm/s2 yaitu di  Kecamatan Padang Selatan dan Padang Barat dan mengecil ke arah timur Kota Padang. Intensitas gempa Kota Padang akibat gempa intraplate adalah sekitar IX MMI. Dampak  gempa dengan intensitas IX  menimbulkan kondisi kerusakan yang parah yang ditandai dengan adanya gejala kerusakan pada struktur bangunan, dan muncul gejala likuifaksi di area alluvial atau pasir.

 

 

Kata kunci :  Gempa bumi, Intensitas, MMI, Percepatan tanah, interplate, intraplate           

 

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Published

2017-09-01

How to Cite

Pujiastuti, D., Nofaslah, R., & Budiman, A. (2017). Estimasi Intensitas Gempa Bumi Dan Percepatan Tanah Maksimum Kota Padang Berdasarkan Data Historis Gempa 1976-2016 di Wilayah Mentawai. JURNAL ILMU FISIKA, 9(2), 110–120. https://doi.org/10.25077/jif.9.2.110-120.2017

Issue

Vol. 9 No. 2 (2017): September 2017

Section

Research Article

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