Rainfall Characteristics in Kalimantan Island During ENSO and IOD Phases: Insights from Composite Analysis

Authors

  • Nabila Putri Maulida Physics Education, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya, 30662, Indonesia
  • Melly Ariska Physics Education, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya, 30662, Indonesia
  • Suhadi Suhadi Physics Education, Raden Fatah State Islamic University Palembang, Palembang, 30254, Indonesia
  • Hamdi Akhsan Physics Education, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya, 30662, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25077/jif.17.1.88-100.2025

Keywords:

Rainfall, ENSO, IOD, composite, Kalimantan

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the characteristics of rainfall in Kalimantan Island during the ENSO and IOD phases using composite method. This study uses ERA5 reanalysis data for the period 1985-2023. The analysis was carried out using Python in Jupyter Notebook Software to visualize rainfall patterns across four seasons (DJF, MAM, JJA, and SON). The results indicate that El Niño events reduce rainfall during the JJA season, with the largest deficit occurring in the southern region of Kalimantan, where rainfall drops to less than 5 mm per season. Conversely, Positive IOD conditions exacerbate drought, resulting in decreased rainfall in the southern and central parts of the island. The combined effects of El Niño and Positive IOD cause an even more significant decline in rainfall, with the dry season experiencing a substantial reduction compared to normal conditions. This study provides important insights for hydrometeorological risk mitigation in Kalimantan, highlighting the need for adaptive management in response to climate variability.

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Published

2025-03-05

How to Cite

Putri Maulida, N., Ariska, M., Suhadi, S., & Akhsan, H. (2025). Rainfall Characteristics in Kalimantan Island During ENSO and IOD Phases: Insights from Composite Analysis. JURNAL ILMU FISIKA | UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS, 17(1), 88–100. https://doi.org/10.25077/jif.17.1.88-100.2025

Issue

Vol. 17 No. 1 (2025): March 2025

Section

Research Article

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Copyright (c) 2025 Nabila Putri Maulida, Melly Ariska, Suhadi Suhadi, Hamdi Akhsan

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